Methodology of Teaching
Methodology of Teaching
Teaching methods are
the procedure, technique or way of teaching, especially in accordance with a
defined plan.
1.
Inductive Method :
i)
Concrete
examples are given and with their help students are helped to arrive at certain
conclusions and principles.
ii)
In
this method, the child is led to discover the truth for himself.
iii)
The
inductive method is a very suitable method for the teaching of Sciences,
Mathematics and Grammar.
2.
Deductive Method:
i)
In
this method rules, generalizations and principles are provided to find students
and then they are asked to verify them with the help of particular examples.
ii)
The
teacher’s work is much simplified by giving a rule and asking the pupils to
verify it by application to several concrete examples.
iii)
The method is a very suitable method for the
teaching of Sciences, Mathematics and Grammar
3.
Lecture method :
i)
In a lecture method, the teacher is the
speaker most of the time and the students just passive listeners.
4.
Demonstration method :
i)
In this method, the teacher only
shows certain phenomena,concepts or principles to provide concrete experience
to the students.
ii)
It may include the use of
specimen,film slides,chemicals,equipments and experiments,etc
iii)
Students remain active during the
demonstration
5.
Lecture-cum-demonstration methods:
i)
Only the lecture method or only the
deonstration method is practically not feasible.
ii)
If a lecture is given in a proper
sequence with illustrations or concrete experiences, it is helpful in learning.
iii)
Any demonstration combined with
discussion and questioning is an effective technique.
6.
Laboratory method :
i)
There is a talisman in science education
which states Ï heard and I forgot; I saw and I remembered; I did and I
understood."
ii)
Laboratory method is one such method
which is based on this principle of learning by doing.
iii)
The teachers acts as a guide and
supervisor and gives instructions including required materials and
equipments.The students perform the experiment, records observations and draws
inferences.
iv)
The teacher goes to the students,
observes what is being done, corrects them if something is wrong.
7.
Project method :
i)
In this methid, a group of students
select a problem after discussing with the teacher and formulate the
hypothesis.
ii)
They develop the plan of action,
list the needed equipments, and conduct the experiment for testing the
hypotheses.
iii)
Then they notes down the
observaton, collects the data, interprets it and finally they reach the
conclusion.
iv)
This method basically aims to provide
the students with the opportunity for extended learning.
8.
Problem solving method:
i)
Problem solving method provides the
students an opportunity to solve problems on their own by following some
scientific steps.
ii)
The lessons starts with a problem
and some possible solutions are thought by the students on the basis of their
previous knowledge.
9.
The Heuristic Method: (हेयुरिस्टिक)
i)
The
word ‘Heuristic is derived from the Greek word ‘heuristic” which means ‘I
discover’ or ‘I find’.
ii)
‘Hence
the heuristic, the method is the method in which children discover. and find
things for themselves and are placed in the position of discoverers or inventors.
iii)
This
method involves the strategy of “Trial and Error’ and ‘Invention Technique’.
10. Assignment
method:
i)
Assignment method can be used for
teaching theory as well as practical aspect of the syllabus.
ii)
In this method, the whole course is
divided into various parts according to the topics, as assignments. These
assignments are given to the students to be completed within a stipulated time.
11. Group
discussion:
i)
More participation of students.
ii)
Students listen to other’s opinion
& express their opinion.
iii)
Discuss with teachers the points that were
missed during discussion.
iv)
Students learn on their own & find out key
points.
v)
Students exchange their ideas.
vi)
Students get point of view of all and not only
those who always speak.
vii)
After
discussion when students give their presentation, teacher corrects their
mistakes.
viii)
Students can make their own notes.
ix)
The learning is more effective.
x)
They don’t have to rely on rote
learning.
12. Role
play :
i)
Interesting method
ii)
Creative
thinking is encouraged.
iii)
Students think beyond their knowledge.
iv)
Students enjoy the situation
v)
Active learning .
vi)
Easy to learn
13. Seminars
:
i)
Give Chance to meet other people of same
profession.
ii)
Motivate and make student active in learning.
iii)
Interested method.
14. Brainstorming:
i)
In brain storming method, a problem
is given to the students. Everybody gives their views on the problem and
discusses it.
ii)
Points emerging from the discussion
are noted on the black board.Through the discussion and debate, a solution is
found.
iii)
This method gives a chance to
everyone to express their thoughts and contemplate on it. This method is useful
in higher classes and encourages students to express themselves and to think
independently, logically and critically.It also encourages creativity.
iv)
It is not suitable for junior
classes. The method is again a time consuming method.
15. Innovative
method :
i)
This methods include taking the students
for field trip, organising science exhibitions whichprovides concrete
experiences as well as enhances the creativity of the students and also using
two or more methods clubbed together to cater the different learning styles of
the studetns in a class.
ii)
For example, project-cum-laboratory
method can be used to develop different process skills and science skills in
the students.
1.
Audio Visual Presentation :
i)
In this
format, you rely exclusively on the use of slides, movies, filmstrips,
PowerPoint slides, photographs, illustrations, videos, or overhead
transparencies.
ii)
In
contrast to a lecture, most of the information is presented visually, rather
than orally.
Comments
Post a Comment